Bots and Bot Farms - Topic Citations
Topic ID: 119
Every citation has two independent 0-100 scores. The source Reliability score rates the general reliability of the outlet itself, regardless of the specific claim, based on an eight-tier scale running from primary government and international scientific bodies (CDC, WHO, NASA, IPCC) at the top, through peer-reviewed journals, wire services, mainstream science journalism, and advocacy organizations, down to tertiary references like Wikipedia and unverifiable or absent sources at the bottom. The Accuracy score, by contrast, rates how well a specific citation supports topic statements — a citation from an excellent source can score low if misapplied or can score high if it precisely backs up topic statements.
Intimidation of Researchers
- NatureReliability score: 92 | Accuracy score: 72
- NatureReliability score: 92 | Accuracy score: 72
Countermeasure - Digital Literacy
- Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesReliability score: 93 | Accuracy score: 82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesReliability score: 93 | Accuracy score: 82
Bots in Climate Change Discourse
- Grist / The GuardianReliability score: 72 | Accuracy score: 86
- Grist / The GuardianReliability score: 72 | Accuracy score: 86
- Climate PolicyReliability score: 88 | Accuracy score: 78
- Climate PolicyReliability score: 88 | Accuracy score: 78
AI-Generated Content Makes Bots Harder to Detect
- arXiv / ICWSM (Yang & Menczer)Reliability score: 84 | Accuracy score: 90
- arXiv / ICWSM (Yang & Menczer)Reliability score: 84 | Accuracy score: 90
Stolen Identities and Manufactured Opposition Pressuring Policymakers
- Office of the New York State Attorney GeneralReliability score: 95 | Accuracy score: 84
- Office of the New York State Attorney GeneralReliability score: 95 | Accuracy score: 84
Popularity Is Not Credibility
- Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation ReviewReliability score: 85 | Accuracy score: 90
- Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation ReviewReliability score: 85 | Accuracy score: 90
Bot Farms Using Fabricated Profiles and AI
- U.S. Department of JusticeReliability score: 95 | Accuracy score: 92
- U.S. Department of JusticeReliability score: 95 | Accuracy score: 92
Repetition Mistaken for Truth
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: GeneralReliability score: 90 | Accuracy score: 92
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: GeneralReliability score: 90 | Accuracy score: 92
Bots Amplify Misinformation and Fool Real Users
- Nature CommunicationsReliability score: 93 | Accuracy score: 93
- Nature CommunicationsReliability score: 93 | Accuracy score: 93
Bots and Trolls in the Vaccine Debate
- American Journal of Public HealthReliability score: 92 | Accuracy score: 94
- American Journal of Public HealthReliability score: 92 | Accuracy score: 94