Over the past several decades, the commercialization of scientific research - especially university-based research - has accelerated dramatically. Governments, funding agencies, and institutions increasingly frame science as an engine of economic growth, pushing researchers toward patents, licensing deals, and industry partnerships. While this shift has produced real benefits, it also introduces systemic risks that threaten the long-term health of the research ecosystem.

Science commercialization - the process of turning research into marketable products or services - can generate economic and social benefits, but it also carries significant risks that are often overlooked or understated.