Glossary
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Red herring | Introducing an irrelevant topic to divert attention from the issue being discussed. Science Literacy |
| Red teaming | Deliberately testing an AI system by trying to make it fail or behave harmfully, in order to find and fix weaknesses. Artificial Intelligence |
| Reflectivity | The ability of a surface material to reflect sunlight including the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths. Climate Change |
| Reforestation | Planting of forests on lands that have previously contained forests but that have been converted to some other use. Climate Change |
| Regenerative agriculture | Farming practices such as cover cropping, reduced tillage, and crop rotation that aim to improve soil health and may increase the carbon stored in soils. Climate Change |
| Regression | A task in which a model predicts a continuous numerical value, such as a house price. Artificial Intelligence |
| Regression to the Mean | The tendency of unusually high or low measurements to be followed by more typical ones. It can make an ineffective treatment appear to work. Science General |
| Reinforcement learning | Reinforcement learning is a process where a model learns to be more accurate by having its outputs assessed, either by a human or by another AI designed to rank them. Artificial Intelligence |
| Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) | A training method in which people rate or rank a model's outputs, and those preferences are used to make the model more helpful and less harmful. Artificial Intelligence |
| Relative risk | The ratio of the risk of an outcome in one group to the risk in another. It can make small absolute changes sound large. Science General |